ABSTRACT
Salmonellosis is one of the most important zoonotic diseases throughout the world. The purpose of this study was to characterize a large collection of Salmonella isolates from different poultry sources in Iran. A total of 123 Salmonella isolates from different poultry sources were subjected to drug susceptibility test, hemolysin production, motility test, and plasmid profile [50 isolates]. Seventy-one resistance patterns were found to 29 antimicrobial agents among 123 Salmonella isolates, in which 81% of isolates were resistant to more than one antibacterial agent. The resistance patterns of 123 isolates to 10 commonly used antibacterials in Iranian poultry industry were also quite variable and included 31 patterns. Four different plasmid patterns were found among 50 Salmonella isolates. Fifty four percent of Salmonella isolates harbored one or three plasmids with approximate molecular size ranging from 2.3 to 68 kb. No plasmid was detected in 46% of isolates. A band of 68 kb size was detected in all isolates that harbored plasmid. All isolates were motile but no isolate showed hemolysin production. The frequency of resistance to antibacterial agents among avian Salmonella isolates is a major public health concern
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to survey infections with Salmonella spp. in poultry flocks in the vicinity of Tehran and to determine the most frequent serogroups and serotypes implicated. Twenty-eight samples of pullet, layer, and broiler flocks were randomly collected [n=1463], including freshly dropped feces from live birds or visceral organs from dead birds. In most flocks, 60 samples were taken and 10 fecal samples of each were pooled. Standard cultural methods were used for Salmonella spp. isolation. The slide agglutination or tube agglutination tests were performed using Salmonella somatic O poly A-S antisera, and different somatic O monovalent or flagellar H monovalent antisera. Thirty-one Salmonella isolates were recovered from 1,463 samples. Nine broiler flocks out of 14 [64.2%] and one layer flock out of 11 [9%] were positive for Salmonella spp. but all pullet flocks were negative. One isolate was obtained from the layer flock and the other 30 Salmonella isolates were obtained from broiler flocks. The slide agglutination test determined that all isolates belonged to one of the serogroups from A to S. The frequency of serogroups among 30 broiler isolates was found to be 76.6% and 13.3% for groups C and D, respectively. Three [10%] of the broiler isolates and one layer isolate did not belong to any of the A to D serogroups. All group D isolates were found to be Salmonella enteritidis. This study showed a high incidence of Salmonella in broilers. Infection of broilers with Salmonella spp. poses a high risk to public health
Subject(s)
Animals , Salmonella Infections, Animal/epidemiology , Poultry , Agglutination TestsABSTRACT
This study was conducted to detect the presence of sefA gene among Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from poultry sources by polymerase chain reaction [PCR] and evaluate its potential as diagnostic and epidemiological tools. Thirty Salmonella isolates from poultry sources: broilers, broiler breeders, layers, hatcheries, and poultry abattoirs were investigated. Upper and forward primers were constructed based on the published sequence of the sefA gene that encodes the SEF14 fimbrial subunit [fimbrin]. The size of target product was 526 bp. To confirm the specificity, the PCR products were digested with BamHI restriction enzyme that divides the product to two segments of 186 and 340 bp. The PCR reaction was set up as described in the previous literature. All Salmonella Enteritidis isolates showed the presence of 526 bp product. None of isolates belonging to serogroups B and C were positive for the 526 bp fragment. The restriction enzyme BamHl divided each 526 bp product into two fragments of 186 and 340 bp. This pattern was demonstrated for all Salmonella Enteritidis isolates. The results of the present study showed that the sefA gene carries a high potential to be used as a diagnostic and an epidemiological tool for Salmonella Enteritidis